Variables | Univariate analysis | Logistic regression | Mixed effected logistic regression | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Crude OR (95% CI) | P-valueΔ | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-valueΔ | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value** |
Village-level variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Village deprivation(Quartile) | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* |
2nd vs. Lowest deprived | 0.9 (0.65-1.25) | Â | 1.77 (1.11-2.83) | Â | 1.58(0.87-2.86) | Â |
3rd vs. Lowest deprived | 0.39 (0.27-0.54) | Â | 0.83 (0.52-1.33) | Â | 0.81(0.45-1.43) | Â |
Highest vs. Lowest deprived | 0.2 (0.14-0.29) | Â | 0.39 (0.23-0.64) | Â | 0.36(0.20-0.66) | Â |
Availability of health clinic | Â | 0.109 | Â | 0.722 | Â | 0.7647 |
Yes vs. No | 0.83 (0.66-1.03) | Â | 0.94 (0.68-1.3) | Â | 1.06(0.70-1.63) | Â |
Household-level variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Household per capita income (Quartile) | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* |
2nd vs. Lowest | 0.27 (0.21-0.35) | Â | 0.25 (0.18-0.35) | Â | 0.25(0.18-0.34) | Â |
3rd vs. Lowest | 0.07 (0.05-0.1) | Â | 0.07 (0.04-0.1) | Â | 0.06(0.04-0.10) | Â |
Highest vs. Lowest | 0.02 (0.01-0.04) | Â | 0.02 (0.01-0.03) | Â | 0.02(0.00-0.03) | Â |
Serious chronic illness proportion | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* |
≤0.5 vs.0 | 5.57 (4.34-7.16) |  | 3.82 (2.81-5.18) |  | 3.88(2.84-5.32) |  |
>0.5 vs.0 | 10.33 (7.28-14.64) | Â | 6.26 (4-9.79) | Â | 6.72(4.23-10.67) | Â |
Member hospitalization | Â | <0.001 | Â | <0.001 | Â | <0.001 |
Yes vs. No | 4.55 (3.6-5.76) | Â | 4.75 (3.44-6.54) | Â | 4.94(3.56-6.86) | Â |
Household size | Â | 0.123 | Â | 0.929 | Â | 0.968 |
4-6 vs. ≤3 | 1.02 (0.82-1.28) |  | 0.94 (0.69-1.28) |  | 0.96 (0.70-1.32) |  |
>6 vs. ≤3 | 2.39 (1.01-5.67) |  | 0.94 (0.31-2.81) |  | 0.96 (0.31-3.00) |  |
Proportion of members aged over 65 | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* | Â | <0.001* |
≤0.5 vs.0 | 2.37 (1.81-3.1) |  | 1.28 (0.9-1.82) |  | 1.29(0.90-1.86) |  |
>0.5 vs.0 | 5.1 (3.59-7.24) | Â | 2.79 (1.69-4.6) | Â | 3.04(1.81-5.11) | Â |
Occupation of household head | Â | <0.001 | Â | 0.014 | Â | 0.013 |
Non-farmer vs. Farmer | 0.3 (0.16-0.57) | Â | 0.47 (0.23-0.98) | Â | 0.46(0.22-0.97) | Â |
Unemployed vs. Farmer | 5.45 (3.78-7.84) | Â | 1.61 (0.97-2.68) | Â | 1.50(0.88-2.54) | Â |
Intraclass correlation (ICC) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |