Table 8 Difference in responses based on researchers’ primary affiliation
|  | Academic university n = 14 | Teaching hospital setting n = 7 | Research institute n = 12 | Kruskal–Wallis χ2(2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Standard deviation | Mean | Standard deviation | Mean | Standard deviation | ||
Policymakers invest financial and/or human resources in joint HSPR research initiatives with them | 2.31 | 0.95 | 2.14 | 1.21 | 3.25 | 0.97 | 6.770* |
Knowledge translation was hampered by a lack of incentives for knowledge translation activities within organisations that conduct HSPR | 3.56 | 0.96 | 3.57 | 0.53 | 2.67 | 0.89 | 6.755* |
Organisations that conduct HSPR were not seen as a credible source of research | 2.69 | 1.14 | 2.71 | 1.11 | 1.58 | 0.67 | 9.038* |
Policy formulation is usually based on internal Ministry of Health discussions and ad hoc process rather than evidence-based processes | 3.94 | 0.85 | 3.00 | 0.82 | 3.33 | 0.98 | 6.649* |
Broad challenges in intergovernmental (i.e. Ministry of Health, Ministry of Finance) relations hindered the health policymaking process | 4.47 | 0.64 | 3.71 | 0.95 | 3.46 | 0.88 | 9.669** |
Broad challenges in government/provider relations hindered the health policymaking process | 4.20 | 0.68 | 3.57 | 0.79 | 3.08 | 1.00 | 9.643** |
Values of governing parties (i.e. groups or factors exerted a strong influence on the health policymaking process) | 4.40 | 0.63 | 3.43 | 0.79 | 3.42 | 1.00 | 9.597** |