Table 5 Estimates from confirmatory factor analysis models

 1.1. Identify issues that require a policy or programme response

0.59

(0.50–0.68)

< 0.001

0.60

(0.52–0.69)

< 0.001

0.60

(0.52–0.69)

< 0.001

 1.2. Understand how to think about issues

0.60

(0.47–0.72)

< 0.001

0.59

(0.48–0.70)

< 0.001

0.59

(0.48–0.70)

< 0.001

 1.3. Decide about content or direction of a policy or programme

0.69

(0.56–0.82)

< 0.001

0.71

(0.59–0.82)

< 0.001

0.70

(0.59–0.82)

< 0.001

 1.4. Persuade others to a point of view or course of action

0.52

(0.40–0.65)

< 0.001

0.55

(0.42–0.67)

< 0.001

0.55

(0.43–0.68)

< 0.001

 1.5. Design the implementation or evaluation strategy for a policy or program

0.75

(0.59–0.90)

< 0.001

0.72

(0.55–0.90)

< 0.001

0.72

(0.55–0.90)

< 0.001

 1.6. Monitor implementation or evaluate the impact of a policy or program

0.66

(0.50–0.82)

< 0.001

0.63

(0.47–0.80)

< 0.001

0.64

(0.47–0.80)

< 0.001

 1.7. Meet organisational requirements to use research

0.41

(0.17–0.66)

0.001

0.43

(0.18–0.67)

0.001

0.43

(0.18–0.67)

0.001

 2.1. Find research to inform policy or programme development

0.83

(0.75–0.91)

< 0.001

0.82

(0.74–0.91)

< 0.001

0.76

(0.65–0.88)

< 0.001

 2.2. Evaluate the quality of research

0.88

(0.84–0.93)

< 0.001

0.87

(0.81–0.92)

< 0.001

0.79

(0.69–0.89)

< 0.001

 2.3. Interpret the results of research

0.83

(0.73–0.92)

< 0.001

0.81

(0.70–0.92)

< 0.001

 2.4. Apply research to policy or programme development

0.81

(0.67–0.94)

< 0.001

0.81

(0.68–0.95)

< 0.001

0.82

(0.70–0.94)

< 0.001

 2.5. Design evaluations of policies or programmes

0.81

(0.70–0.91)

< 0.001

0.81

(0.71–0.92)

< 0.001

0.85

(0.79–0.90)

< 0.001

 2.6. Commission research to support policy or programme development

0.67

(0.51–0.84)

< 0.001

0.69

(0.52–0.86)

< 0.001

0.76

(0.64–0.88)

< 0.001

 2.7. Partner with researchers to generate research

0.71

(0.55–0.86)

< 0.001

0.72

(0.56–0.88)

< 0.001

0.79

(0.69–0.89)

< 0.001

 3.1. Leaders believe it is important to use research in policy or programme development

0.87

(0.81–0.94)

< 0.001

0.85

(0.75–0.95)

< 0.001

0.85

(0.76–0.95)

< 0.001

 3.2. It is expected that research will be used in policy or programme development

0.90

(0.84–0.96)

< 0.001

0.88

(0.77–0.99)

< 0.001

0.88

(0.77–0.99)

< 0.001

 3.3. Generation of new research to inform policy or programme development is encouraged

0.62

(0.42–0.82)

< 0.001

0.65

(0.46–0.83)

< 0.001

0.65

(0.46–0.83)

< 0.001

 3.4. It is expected that policies/programmes will be evaluated

0.54

(0.28–0.80)

< 0.001

0.56

(0.33–0.78)

< 0.001

0.56

(0.33–0.78)

< 0.001

 3.5. Interaction or collaboration with researchers or research organisations is encouraged

0.67

(0.53–0.80)

< 0.001

0.71

(0.56–0.86)

< 0.001

0.71

(0.56–0.85)

< 0.001

 4.1. Has processes for policy or programme development that provide guidance on how research should be used

0.61

(0.50–0.71)

< 0.001

0.59

(0.48–0.70)

< 0.001

0.59

(0.48–0.70)

< 0.001

 4.2. Has systems that encourage leaders to support use of research

0.67

(0.57–0.78)

< 0.001

0.67

(0.57–0.76)

< 0.001

0.67

(0.58–0.76)

< 0.001

 4.3. Provides access to training in using research in policy or programme development

0.52

(0.29–0.75)

< 0.001

0.54

(0.33–0.75)

< 0.001

0.54

(0.33–0.74)

< 0.001

 4.4. Has the resources needed to access research

0.53

(0.31–0.76)

< 0.001

0.55

(0.34–0.76)

< 0.001

0.54

(0.33–0.75)

< 0.001

 4.5. Has established methods for commissioning reviews of research

0.65

(0.47–0.84)

< 0.001

0.64

(0.46–0.82)

< 0.001

0.64

(0.46–0.82)

< 0.001

 4.6. Has documented processes for how policies or programmes should be evaluated

0.60

(0.42–0.77)

< 0.001

0.60

(0.43–0.76)

< 0.001

0.60

(0.45–0.76)

< 0.001

 4.7. Has existing relationships, or established methods for engaging, with research organisations

0.65

(0.50–0.80)

< 0.001

0.64

(0.47–0.81)

< 0.001

0.64

(0.48–0.80)

< 0.001