The financial burden from non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a literature review

Table 2 Expenditure on chronic diseases

Authors^#	Countries	Spending on chronic illnesses as a percentage of household income (%)	Spending on chronic illnesses as a percentage of household total health expenditure (%)	Spending on chronic illnesses as a percentage of household non-food expenditure (%)
Chuma et al. [38]	Kenya (rural)	Urban: 5.7
Chuma et al. [38]	Kenya (rural)	Rural: 5
Goudge et al. [37]	South Africa (Vulnerable households)	30–50
Mondal et al. [40]	India (West Bengal)		Urban: 4.14
Mondal et al. [40]	India (West Bengal)		Rural: 5.73
Thuan et al. [20]	Vietnam		27.7^* (curative)
			11.1^**
			58.6^***
Dror et al. [55]	India (Maharashtra, Bihar and Tamil Nadu states )		32
Sun et al. [16]	China (Shandong province)			NCMS: 27
Sun et al. [16]	China (Shandong province)			Non-NCMS: 47
Sun et al. [16]	China (Ningxia province)			NCMS: 35
Sun et al. [16]	China (Ningxia province)			Non-NCMS: 42

^#All these studies used randomized samples. ^*For all households. ^**For households which had catastrophic health care expenditure. ^***For households having health expenditure between 30% and 40% of their capacity to pay.

ISSN: 1478-4505