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Table 3 Mean quality rating* of systematic reviews addressing particular health system topics, by focus and type of systematic review

From: The global stock of research evidence relevant to health systems policymaking

Domains**

All reviews (n = 2,928)†

All LMIC-focused reviews (n = 696)†

All types of systematic reviews†

Cochrane systematic reviews of effects (n = 484)†

Systematic reviews of effects (n = 2408)†

(Quantitative) Systematic reviews addressing other types of questions*** (n = 520)†

Governance arrangement (n = 197)

5.6

5.4

10.3

6.6

4.5

• Policy authority (n = 46)

5.1

5.4

9.9

5.7

4.5

• Organizational authority (n = 69)

5.5

7.0

10.3

6.6

4.7

• Commercial authority (n = 33)

4.6

4.1

10.5

5.4

3.6

• Professional authority (n = 50)

5.4

4.8

10.3

6.4

4.3

• Consumer & stakeholder involvement (n = 60)

5.7

5.3

10.3

6.5

4.7

Financial arrangement (n = 219)

5.9

6.6

9.9

6.4

4.4

• Financing systems (n = 50)

5.1

5.7

10.5

6.1

3.7

• Funding organizations (n = 25)

4.7

5.5

9.3

5.0

3.5

• Remunerating providers (n = 97)

5.5

5.8

9.4

5.6

5.4

• Purchasing products & services (n = 27)

4.4

4.2

10.0

4.8

3.9

• Incentivizing consumers (n = 83)

7.0

7.7

10.0

7.4

4.5

Delivery arrangement (n = 2,395)

6.3

6.8

9.9

6.7

4.5

• How care is designed to meet consumers' needs (n = 883)

6.5

6.7

10.0

6.7

5.0

• By whom care is provided (n = 1,276)

6.2

6.6

9.9

6.6

4.5

• Where care is provided (n = 642)

6.6

7.3

9.9

7.0

4.9

• With what supports is care provided (n = 807)

6.1

6.8

10.0

6.4

4.5

Implementation strategy (n = 1,519)

6.3

6.8

9.8

6.5

4.9

• Consumer-targeted strategy (n = 1,118)

6.5

6.9

10.0

6.7

4.9

• Provider-targeted strategy (n = 562)

6.0

6.5

9.5

6.2

5.0

• Organization-targeted strategy (n = 53)

5.9

6.4

9.7

6.2

5.4

  1. †The numbers refer to the number of reviews in each category with a completed quality appraisal. The total numbers for each column are as follows: All reviews = 3,243; All LMIC-focused reviews = 737; Cochrane systematic reviews of effects = 501; Systematic reviews of effects = 2,629; Systematic reviews addressing other types of questions = 614.
  2. * Due to the fact that the denominators for quality appraisal scores can vary using the AMSTAR tool when a question is deemed to be 'Not applicable', we standardized the mean quality score by: 1) converting each score into a percentage, 2) calculating the average of the percentage scores for each cell of the table, and 3) using the average percentage score to calculate the mean score out of 11.
  3. ** The numbers beside each category refer to the number of quality appraisals available.
  4. *** This excludes systematic reviews of qualitative evidence that require a different approach to quality appraisal.