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Table 2 Decisions about the strength of a recommendation

From: Improving the use of research evidence in guideline development: 9. Grading evidence and recommendations

Factors that can weaken the strength of a recommendation

Explanation

Lower quality evidence

Will create greater uncertainty about the size of the (relative) effects (benefits and harms)

Uncertainty about the balance of benefits versus harms and burdens

Uncertainty about the baseline risk, prevalence of a problem or health status, which could affect the size of the (absolute) effects

Uncertainty or differences in values

Uncertainty about the relative importance of the benefits and downsides to those affected, or differences in how important they are to different people, which could affect the balance between the benefits versus harms and burden

Marginal net benefits or downsides

The anticipated net benefits or downsides are small (and uncertain)

Uncertainty about whether the net benefits are worth the costs

Uncertainty related to lack of information about the cost or whether the resource expenditure is justified by the anticipated benefit