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Table 1 Summary of the NPM's essential content.

From: How is the New Public Management applied in the occupational health care system? - decision-makers' and OH personnel's views in Finland

The content of NPM

Researchers

Three E's as NPM's values: economy, efficiency, effectiveness

Vakkuri & Meklin [24], Pollit [25], Pollit [26], van Wart & Berman [27]

Accountability of action in public services

Boyne [28], Sanderson [29], Lane [30], Aucoin [31], Keating [32], Hartley [33]

Professional management and cooperation based on contracts between different actors. Private sector as a management model. Governance in public sector.

Pollit [25], Moore & Henegan [34] DeLeon [35], Hogget [18], Hood [36], Walsh [37], Lane [38], Pollit [39], Salminen [40], Vedung [41], Kolthoff et al [42], Aucoin [31], Weikart [43], Moon & deLeon [44]

Separation of political and administrative decision-making

Aucoin [31], Hood [35], Walsh [37]

Entrepreneurship of public sector

Box [45], Morris & Jones [46]

Focus on the citizen role

Exworthy & Halford [47], Ahonen & Salminen [48], Piotrowski & Rosenbloom [49], Ezzamel et al [50]

Wide definition of New Public Management covering most of the previous elements

Hood [35], Foster & Plowden [51], Ferlie [20], Hays & Kearney [52], Walsh [36], Hood [53], Hogget [18], Hambleton [19], Pollit [25], Stark [21]