Reference | Location of the training | Training goal and specific competencies | Target trainees | Faculty/trainers | Structure, duration of the training activities, and frequency of offering | Funding and partnership | Technical support/follow-up during the program |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adams et al. 2003 [10] | South Africa | Goal: Provide skills for health service evaluation Competencies: Research ethics, research methods, data capture and analysis, research protocol and report writing | 300 trainees, all African: Health service middle managers and MSc students within the country | In-country based faculty | Training activities lasted 2 weeks and offered 13 times during 1992–2001 | Total funds: Not reported (materials expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: Not reported | No |
Ajuwon and Kass 2008 [14] | Nigeria | Goal: To develop the capacity of academic staff to conduct ethically acceptable research involving human population Competencies: Research ethics | 133 trainees, all African: Clinical staff from College of Medicine and researchers from NGOs and IRB | Locally based seven resource persons with experience | Training activities lasted 21 hours spread over 3 days and offered three times during 2003–2004 | Total funds: Not reported (materials expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: NIH, Wellcome Trust, Fogarty International Center | No |
Ali et al. 2012 [15] | Blended between USA and the country of origin | Goal: Training on research ethics to health professionals. Competencies: Ethics and research methods | 28 trainees, all African: Researchers mainly from Eastern Africa, most of which had graduate degrees with research experience, health professionals, ethics committee members, journalists and scientists | Associate faculty from JHU, the NIH, associated research ethics programs, and African professionals | Program lasted 1 year, 6 months of courses and seminars, IRB involvement and development of field project and 6 months for practicum and was offered multiple times during 2001–2009 | Total funds: Not reported (materials, flight expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: NIH | Continuous mentorship from JHU and African faculty, biannual reunion meeting of alumni and faculty for networking and exchanging ideas |
Matovu et al. 2013 [16] | Uganda | Goal: Strengthen the capacity of M&E and continuous quality improvement using work-based training model Competencies: Data collection, data analysis, project proposal, report writing and M&E | 143 trainees, all African: Mid- and senior-level managers, coordinators and supervisors within the country | MakSPH faculty and external facilitators | Training activities lasted 5 weeks of face-to-face sessions and 6 months of field activities between 2nd and 3rd modules and was offered multiple times during 2008–2011 | Total funds: $2500 for project implementation Funding source and partnerships: CDC | Ongoing technical support from an academic mentor over the program |
Mbuagbaw et al. 2011 [17] | Cameroon | Goal: Training on how to initiate and complete systematic reviews Competencies: Design, analysis and interpretation of systematic review and meta-analysis | 15 trainees, all African: University lecturers and researchers within the country | Cochrane Review authors and researchers from Africa and Chile | Training activities lasted 4Â days of face-to-face sessions and was offered once in 2011 | Total funds: Not reported | No |
Funding source and partnerships: Cochrane Collaboration, South African Medical Research Council, Yaunde Central Hospital, and Global Health Research Initiative | |||||||
Njie-Carr et al. 2012 [18] | Uganda | Goal: Research capacity building to assess implementation of mobile service for HIV intervention Competencies: Research ethics, research methods, data collection | 14 trainees, all African: Employees and volunteers at Reach Out, a large HIV/AIDS care and service program in Kampala | Five authors in total from fields of medicine, nursing, psychology, biology, and public and international health | Training activities lasted 6Â days of intensive didactic training and 4Â weeks of field activities and offered once in 2010 | Total funds: Not reported (software fees mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: RO, Makerere University, and Johns Hopkins | Continuous mentorship from trainers over the program |
Tshikala et al. 2012 [19] | Democratic Republic of Congo | Goal: Train on research bioethics through ancillary care Competencies: Research ethics | 30 trainees, all African: Members of CIBAF, faculty from universities, members of clinical ethics committee, representatives of NGOs, paediatric clinics and National AIDS Control Program, members of UNC/DRC | Members of GIRIE, CIBAF and KSPH faculty | Training activities lasted 3Â days of formal presentations and discussion and offered once | Total funds: Not reported (materials expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: NIH/Fogarty International Center | No |
Williams et al. 2010 [20] | South Africa | Goal: Increase research training and utilization of existing datasets Competencies: Data management and analysis | 55 trainees, 40 African: Masters and PhD students from Wits, CU, Brown University and researchers from APHRC | CU researchers, Institutional faculty from Wits, CU, Brown University and APHRC | Training activities lasted 3 weeks of lectures, guided exercises, and research projects and was offered three times during 2006–2008 | Total funds: Not reported Funding source and partnerships: Wit School of Public Health, University of Colorado, African Population Studies Research and Training Program | No |
Buist and Parry 2013 [11] | Multiple countries in sub-Saharan Africa | Goal: increasing local and national research capacity Competencies: Research ethics, research methods, data collection and analysis, research protocol and writing report | 1015 trainees, 112 African: Practicing and academic physicians and public health professionals across Africa | Local and international behavioural, epidemiologic, public health, and statistical researchers | Five courses structured as a ladder with each one lasting 5 to 5 1/2Â days | Total funds: Not reported (material expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: CDC, USAID, ATS | Students receive mentoring following the course, incentives to support research projects and editorial assistance are provided |
Courses involved lectures, small groups to develop protocol, and daily homework and was offered multiple times during 1994–2013 | |||||||
Chilengi et al. 2013 [22] | Web-based targeting African researchers | Goal: Complement other forms of learning though online training on health research ethics and good clinical practice Competencies: Health research ethics and good clinical practice | 1155 trainees, 958 African: Researchers from multiple countries | Trainers or practitioners of research ethics within Africa | Training lasted 100Â days | Total funds: Not reported (software expenses mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: EDCPT and AMANET | No |
Harries et al. 2003 [21] | Malawi | Goal: Operational research training for TB related research Competencies: Data collection and data analysis, research protocol and manuscript writing | 25 trainees, all African: TB officers from district and mission hospitals within the country | NTP facilitators from the Central Unit and Regional TB offices | Training activities lasted 1 1/2Â days of seminar on OR and development of protocol, 6Â months of field work, 1Â day workshop of data analysis and writing a paper and was offered once in 2000 | Total funds: Not reported (financial incentives mentioned) Funding source and partnerships: National governments and District TB units | Field supervisory visits are carried out once or twice yearly by central unit to assess data collection |
Laserson et al. 2005 [12] | South Africa then expanded to regional course | Goal: building capacity in basic epidemiology and operations research Competencies: Qualitative methods, study design, data collection and data analysis, research protocol and manuscript writing | 149 of various nationalities: National, provincial, and district-level NTP managers and TB laboratory directors and staff | International and in-country epidemiologists and TB experts | Training activities lasted 6 days, involving lectures, field exercises, development of OR protocol and 12 months of field implementation of the protocol, often in groups and was offered nine times during 1997–2004 | Total funds: US$2000 – 20,000 Funding source and partnerships: NTP in various countries, USAID, WHO, CDC, Pan American Health Organization | Technical assistance is provided during field activities including further training |
Varkevisser et al. 2001 [13] | Southern African Region | Goal: increase national capacity for operational research Competencies: Data collection and data analysis, research protocol and manuscript writing | 1159 trainees, all African: Higher and middle level health workers from provincial and district level | University staff, senior health trainers and higher-level health staff who have completed an HSR methodology before | Training activities lasted 14–16 days of workshop to develop research proposal, 6 months to collect data, followed by 12–14 days of data analysis and writing a report and was offered 50 times during 1987–1997 | Total funds: USD$5000–$8000 per study | Institutional support from local authority is sought through special meetings at national and inter-country level organized at regular intervals (2–3 years) |
Funding source and partnerships: WHO, The Netherlands Ministry of Development and Cooperation, USAID, IDRC, Norad | |||||||
Zachariah et al. 2011 [23] | Multiple countries | Goal: building leadership in operational research Competencies: Research questions and protocol development, data management and analysis, paper writing | Number of trainees not reported: Persons who work within disease programmes and who are committed and have opportunities to carry out operational research | International | Training activities lasted 3 weeks spread over 9 months with significant intervals between modules and frequency of offering is not reported | Total funds: $500–$1500 small grants Funding source and partnerships: The Union/MSF | Technical support throughout the program |