Economies of scale and scope in publicly funded biomedical and health research: evidence from the literature

Table 4 Numbers of papers finding (dis-)economies of scope in biomedical and health research – by type of research group whose productivity is being analysed

	Research Team^a	Department^b	University/Research Institute	Total
Diseconomies of scope	–	1	4	5
Economies of scope	2	1	7	10
Evidence for both	–	1	6	7
Total	2	3	17	22

^aResearch Team, Sub-departmental laboratory/research unit
^bUniversity department or research centre inside a bigger organisation. A department is typically composed of a number of research teams