Table 2 Determinants of healthcare utilisation among population reporting chronic conditions, acute conditions and chronic conditions with acute exacerbation

Need

Perceived health status

Excellent/very good/good

0.64 (0.50–0.82)

0.0004

0.75 (0.56–0.99)

0.0434

Fair

0.74 (0.64–0.87)

0.0002

0.69 (0.56–0.85)

0.0006

poor/very poor

1.00

1.00

Predisposing factors

Age group

0–14

2.02 (1.45–2.81)

<0.001

2.85 (1.85–4.39)

<0.001

15–44

1.16 (0.95–1.41)

0.1377

1.52 (1.20–1.93)

0.0005

≥65

1.16 (0.96–1.40)

0.1322

1.27 (0.99–1.63)

0.0590

45–64

1.00

1.00

Education

College or higher

1.27 (1.01–1.60)

0.0447

1.15 (0.89–1.48)

0.2756

High school/technical school education

1.24 (1.03–1.49)

0.0231

1.17 (0.95–1.44)

0.1388

Less than high school

1.00

1.00

Ethnicity

Azeri

0.95 (0.55–1.62)

0.8391

1.27 (0.43–3.72)

0.6616

Armenian

1.52 (1.11–2.09)

0.0097

3.60 (1.92–6.74)

0.0001

Other

0.98 (0.64–1.49)

0.9241

0.63 (0.42–0.96)

0.0332

Georgian

1.00

1.00

Marital status

Married

1.05 (0.90–1.22)

0.5633

0.91 (0.75–1.10)

0.3246

Others

1.00

1.00

Sex

Female

1.15 (1.01–1.30)

0.0351

0.92 (0.78–1.09)

0.3436

Male

1.00

1.00

Trust in regular source of care

Little/not at all

0.87 (0.56–1.34)

0.5262

0.72 (0.41–1.26)

0.2510

Sufficiently

0.76 (0.61–0.96)

0.0214

0.67 (0.51–0.90)

0.0075

Quite a lot

0.97 (0.81–1.16)

0.7029

0.91 (0.71–1.16)

0.4259

Not reported

0.63 (0.48–0.82)

0.0006

0.75 (0.52–1.08)

0.1235

Very much

1.00

1.00

Enabling factors

District level Median OOP Cost to outpatient facilities (GEL)

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

0.0032

1.00 (0.98–1.01)

0.9583

Household consumption tercile

High

1.65 (1.38–1.97)

<0.001

1.14 (0.9–1.45)

0.2758

Medium

1.29 (1.07–1.54)

0.0064

1.09 (0.86–1.38)

0.4663

Low

1.00

1.00

Median household age

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

0.0597

1.02 (1.01–1.02)

<0.001

Physician density per 1000 population in the district

1.04 (0.97–1.11)

0.2701

0.95 (0.86–1.05)

0.3108

Residence

Urban

1.12 (0.84–1.49)

0.4318

1.06 (0.75–1.49)

0.7509

Rural

1.00

1.00

Travel time to regular source of care facility

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

0.7436

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.0255

Type of closest facility

Hospital

1.17 (0.92–1.49)

0.1880

1.02 (0.75–1.39)

0.9089

Village ambulatory clinics

1.42 (1.05–1.92)

0.0240

1.18 (0.81–1.73)

0.3837

Others

1.12 (0.72–1.73)

0.6153

0.97 (0.5–1.87)

0.9322

Polyclinic

1.00

1.00

Type of insurance

MIP

1.05 (0.87–1.26)

0.6108

1.21 (0.93–1.58)

0.1472

Other insurance

1.1 (0.75–1.61)

0.6209

1.36 (0.81–2.27)

0.2494

No insurance

1.00

1.00

Type of regular source of care facility

Hospital

0.84 (0.66–1.08)

0.1774

0.97 (0.67–1.41)

0.8618

Others (incl. VAC)

0.94 (0.53–1.69)

0.8462

1.09 (0.6–1.98)

0.7827

Polyclinic

1.17 (0.91–1.51)

0.2123

1.58 (1.06–2.37)

0.0254

None

1.00

1.00

Environment

Region

Tbilisi

1.15 (0.74–1.8)

0.5281

1.83 (0.99–3.4)

0.0542

West

1.29 (1.07–1.54)

0.0061

1.30 (0.99–1.71)

0.0633

East

1.00

1.00

Confounder

Disease type

Chronic with exacerbation within 30 day prior to the survey

0.71 (0.54–0.93)

0.0122

0.82 (0.64–1.05)

0.1203

Chronic illness only

0.03 (0.02–0.03)

<0.001

1.20 (0.93–1.55)

0.1517

Acute illness only

1.00

1.00

Year

Year 2010

0.80 (0.67–0.97)

0.0205

1.27 (1.00–1.61)

0.0487

Year 2007

1.00

1.00