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Table 11 Initial and revised programme theory

From: Policymakers’ experience of a capacity-building intervention designed to increase their use of research: a realist process evaluation

Initial programme theory (a-contextual)

Revised programme theory (contextually contingent)

SPIRIT will engage and motivate agency leaders to ‘own’ the intervention using audit feedback, deliberative goal-setting and programme tailoring –this agency-driven approach will generate a priority-focused programme that offers locally relevant practice support and accommodates differences in agencies’ values, goals, resources and remits. The programme will comprise a suite of andragogical activities, tools and connections across the research-policy divide that provide resources and build knowledge, skills and relationships, and will be supported via modelling and opinion leadership by agency leaders and dynamic external experts. CEOs will promote SPIRIT in their agencies and liaison people will facilitate the tailoring and implementation – these strategies will act synergistically to stimulate and resource participants at different organisational levels, leading to changes in values, practice behaviours and agency processes. This will facilitate increased use of research in policy processes

Where agencies have an existing orientation to use academic research and are on a trajectory of improved use with perceived room for improvement, SPIRIT will be used to complement or trigger organisational initiatives. Where liaison people and agency leaders believe in the value of the intervention and have confidence in the measures, they will play a pivotal role in tailoring the intervention and championing its goals. Leaders will be motivated by deliberative audit feedback and goal-setting. In all sites, ownership will be increased by greater consultation, collaboration and choice. Agency-attuned communications will be vital in explaining goals, conveying value and addressing concerns. Andragogical activities, tools and connection across the research-policy divide will be valued in all agencies where they leverage existing strengths and address local concerns pragmatically. Staff will make use of these opportunities where they see concrete benefits, and newer staff may benefit most