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Table 2 Definition of access categories at the paper level

From: Knowledge sharing in global health research – the impact, uptake and cost of open access to scholarly literature

Category

Definition

Article processing fees

Subscription fees

Embargo

Gold OA article (no APC)

Article published in gold OA journal website when published; instantly available on journal website when published

No

No

No

Gold OA article (with APC)

Article published in gold OA journal; instantly available on journal website when published

Yes

No

No

Delayed OA article

Free article published in delayed OA or subscription journal with delayed OA option

No

Yes

Yes

Hybrid article

Free article published in a subscription journal

Yes

Yes

No

Green OA article

Articles in subscription or hybrid journals which have been self-archived by the author or affiliated institution to provide free access

No

No

No

Other free access

Free article in subscription journal or journal for which the status is unknown

Unknown

Sometimes

Sometimes

Toll access

Article that can only be accessed through a subscription or pay-per-view model and has not been self-archived

No

Yes

Yes

Paper status unknown

Article for which the access status could not be determined

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

  1. APC article processing charge, OA open access