Table 2 Research utilisation domains and strategies used within the reviewed studies

Access to research

1. Providing access to research articles or syntheses via an online database (5)

2. Disseminating tailored syntheses summaries or reports, including policy briefs (7)

3. Commissioning research and reviews (2)

4. Seminars or other forums in which research findings are presented (4)

5. Facilitated access using a knowledge broker or other intermediary (3)

Skills improvement

6. Skills development workshops (10)

7. Intensive skills training programs (4)

8. Training or support for managers in championing and modelling research use (4)

9. Mentoring (includes using knowledge brokers to build skills) (7)

10. Goal-orientated mentoring (with presentations or assessment) (4)

Systems improvement

11. Improving infrastructure, e.g. library, new research portals, data sharing software (5)

12. Improving organisational tools, resources and processes, e.g. procedures, toolkits, knowledge management protocols, funds for commissioning research (2)

13. Workforce development, e.g. research-related positions and incentives (1)

14. Establishing internal research support bodies, e.g. research units and committees (3)

Interaction

15. One-off or periodic interactive forums, e.g. roundtables, cross-sector retreats, policy dialogues (4)

16. Platforms for ongoing interactivity, e.g. community of practice, cross-sector committees (4)

17. Collaboration in the development of a research report or policy brief/dialogue (2)

18. Partnership projects: research co-production (3)