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Table 2 Issues in selected studies from the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination database (n = 100)

From: Identifying priority technical and context-specific issues in improving the conduct, reporting and use of health economic evaluation in low- and middle-income countries

Issues

Numbers of studies in which the issue is mentioned

Poor reporting

81

 Perspective of analysis not stated

37

 Price year not reported

37

 Decision model not described, if relevant

21

 Limited details on utility/disutility data

15

 Source of cost data not provided

12

 Discount rate for cost not provided

12

 Limited details on source of effectiveness data

11

 Limited details on disaggregated cost data

11

 Sources of effectiveness data not provided

7

 Not clear whether all relevant options were included

5

 Details on study population not provided

5

 Justification of the comparator was not provided

4

 The comparator was unclear

3

 Details of comparators were not provided

2

 Unclear whether discounting is performed for effectiveness

2

 Discount rate for effectiveness not provided

2

 Details on intervention is not provided

1

 Unclear whether discounting is performed for cost

1

 Limited details on currency conversion

1

No specific threshold applied

78

Incremental analysis not performed

41

Sensitivity analysis not performed

31

Health measures used not appropriate

28

All relevant evidence not included

17

Discounting of cost not appropriately performed

16

Sources of effectiveness should be improved

11

Some relevant costs are omitted

7

Charges used instead of cost

4

Sources of cost data should be improved

3

Discounting of effectiveness not appropriately performed

2