Table 4 The implementation and impact of visions for public involvement
From: Public involvement in health research systems: a governance framework
Implementation of vision | ∙ Legislation or policy at national or supra-national level to encourage or require public involvement [4, 37, 40, 48] |
∙ Policies or strategies that mobilise public involvement within research organisations [4, 53,54,55] | |
 ◦ Through consumer-led research organisations [68] | |
 ◦ Through stewardship by research producers (universities, medical schools) [44, 61, 65] | |
Impact of vision | ∙ The extent and nature of public involvement conditioned by organisational arrangements and network processes, including ‘intermediary organisations’ such as governmental research councils, private research financiers and social research institutes or departments working on the democratisation of science [2, 19] |
∙ Stabilised arrangements limit disruption of usual practice and emancipatory approaches with ‘professionalised’ publics and lack of representation and diversity [2, 37] |