Table 3 Regression models for rates of preventable hospitalizations

Medicaid expansion (explanatory model)

 Non-Medicaid expansion states

ref

 Medicaid expansion states

0.0713 (−0.0076, 0.1503)

0.0764

Medicaid expansion*time (base model)

 Non-Medicaid expansion states*time

ref

 Medicaid expansion states*time

−0.0059 (−0.0225, 0.0107)

0.4856

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Non-Medicaid expansion states*time

ref

 Medicaid expansion states*time

−0.0063 (−0.0221, 0.0094)

0.4293

 Minorities

−0.0042 (−0.0160, 0.0077)

0.4887

 Bachelor’s degree

0.0067 (−0.0796, 0.0930)

0.8782

 Unemployment

0.1068 (0.0313, 0.1824)

0.0056

 Median household income

−0.0000 (−0.0000, 0.0000)

0.3813

Health delivery system characteristics

 Non-Medicaid expansion states*time

ref

 Medicaid expansion states*time

0.0237 (0.0067, 0.0406)

0.0061

 Medicaid-to-Medicare fee index

0.9501 (0.4733, 1.4269)

 < 0.0001

 Medicaid spending per enrollee

−0.0003 (−0.0004, −0.0002)

 < 0.0001

 Medicaid income eligibility

−0.0046 (−0.0055, −0.0036)

 < 0.0001

Health policy characteristics

 Non-Medicaid expansion states*time

ref

 Medicaid expansion states*time

−0.0042 (−0.0211, 0.0127)

0.6273

 Republican state legislature

ref

 Democratic state legislature

0.1711 (0.0273, 0.3150)

0.0197

 Republican state governor

ref

 Democratic state governor

0.1013 (−0.0179, 0.2205)

0.0957