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Willingness
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Policy-makers
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Lack trust in citizenry. Dependent on political gain. Remains underfunded
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Increasing, but largely dependent on political gain. Can be developed through financial incentives and deliberative mechanisms
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Citizens
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Lack belief in impact of engagement. Requires broad remit, transparency and remuneration
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Generally low, due to political distrust. Increases when tangible results become apparent, such as in local policy and service provision
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Capacity
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Policy-makers
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Requires funding and broader political commitment
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Capacity is apparent, evidenced by existing participatory mechanisms
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Citizens
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Requires support and capacity-building. Best suited to moral or ethical judgements
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Low, but increasing across the region. Evidence of sufficient capacity if adequate support provided
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