First Nations Australians’ self-determination in health and alcohol policy development: a Delphi study

E. Stearne, Annalee; Lee, K. S. Kylie; Allsop, Steve; Shakeshaft, Anthony; Wright, Michael

doi:10.1186/s12961-022-00813-6

Health Research Policy and Systems

Table 1 Summary of surveys by round

From: First Nations Australians’ self-determination in health and alcohol policy development: a Delphi study

Questions	Response type	Number of questions (elements)^a
Round 1^a
A. Demographics: experience, qualifications, jurisdictions^b
B. Essential elements needed for policy development processes to be self-determinative	Open-ended text field	11
C. The degree of self-determination evident in evidenced-based examples of the policy development process	10-point Likert scale^c Open-ended text field	8
D. Identifying the stages when it is essential for First Nations Australians to be included in policy development and suggested examples of First Nations Australians’ self-determination in policy development processes	2 categorical questions^d Open-ended text field	15
Round 2^a
Q1. Support for these existing elements and changes to others, would enable First Nations Australians’ self-determination to be recognized	4-point Likert scale^e Open-ended text field	(6)
Q2. There were a number of values identified that should underpin policy development processes for it to be seen as self-determination	4-point Likert scale^e Open-ended text field	(8)
Q3. Self-determination in alcohol policy requires the policy-makers to use processes that ensure First Nations Australian/s…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(16)
Q4. Self-determination in alcohol policy development requires decision-making processes that…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(10)
Q5. Self-determination in alcohol policy development requires that First Nations Australians are involved in the process with representation from First Nations Australians…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(12)
Q6. At implementation, alcohol policy should include approaches that ensure it…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(8)
Q7. Examples	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(6)
Round 3^a
Q1. Support for these existing elements and changes to others, would enable First Nations Australians' self-determination to be recognized	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(1)
Q3. Self-determination in alcohol policy requires the policy-makers to use processes that ensure First Nations Australian/s…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(4 + 2)
Q4. Self-determination in alcohol policy development requires decision-making processes that…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(3 + 3)
Q5. Self-determination in alcohol policy development requires that First Nations Australians are involved in the process with representation from First Nations Australians…	3-point Likert scale^g Open-ended text field	(10)
Q6. At implementation, alcohol policy should include approaches that ensure it…	7-point Likert scale^f Open-ended text field	(2)
Q7. Examples	4 options^h Open-ended text field	(6)

^aRound 1—the number of questions for the section; round 2 and round 3—the number of elements (subthemes) for each question, arising from analysis of round 1 and round 2 survey data
^bSee Table 2
^c1–10 continuous Likert scale: 1 = not self-determination to 10 = definitely self-determination
^dEight options (select all that apply): not at all; agenda-setting stage; consultation; policy creation; implementation; monitoring; evaluation; all stages
^eFour-option Likert (select one): non-negotiable and can be implemented now; non-negotiable, but is aspirational and unlikely at present; ideal but not necessary; not self-determination
^f1–7 continuous Likert scale: 1 = not self-determination to 7 = non-negotiable necessary for self-determination
^gThree-option Likert (select one): always include; include in some contexts but not all; inclusion is not self-determination
^hFour options (select all that apply): type of representation; stage that First Nations Australians were involved; how First Nations Australians were involved; and aim of the example provided

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ISSN: 1478-4505

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