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Table 5 Parameter estimates with their standard errors of the ARIMA(p,d,q) models for the years 1995 to 2017 for Brazil

From: Future health spending forecast in leading emerging BRICS markets in 2030: health policy implications

 

Health

spending

per capita ($)

Health

spending

per GDP (%)

Source of health spending

Share of health spending

   

Government

spending

per capita ($)

Prepaid

private spending

per capita ($)

Out-of-pocket spending per capita ($)

Government

spending as share of total (%)

Prepaid

private spending as

share of total (%)

Out-of-pocket spending as share of total (%)

Model

ARIMA(0,1,0)

ARIMA(1,0,0)

ARIMA(0,1,0)

ARIMA(0,2,1)

ARIMA(0,0,1)

ARIMA(1,1,0)

ARIMA(0,2,1)

ARIMA(0,1,)

Estimates (SE)

Drift = 22.4 (5.3)

AR1 = 0.85 (0.13)

Mean = 8.3 (0.29)

Drift = 9.82 (2.92)

MA1 = −0.77 (0.12)

MA1 = 0.69 (0.17)

AR1 = 0.55 (0.18)

MA1 = −0.50 (0.22)

Drift = −0.53 (0.09

  1. ARIMA(p,d,q): Autoregressive integrated moving average model and (p,d,q) are the autoregressive order, the degree of differencing and the moving average order
  2. SE: standard error
  3. AR: Autoregressive parameter
  4. MA: Moving average parameter