Table 1 Summary of article characteristics
From: Strategies to adapt and implement health system guidelines and recommendations: a scoping review
Year | Author(s) | Country (income bracket) | Funded by | Study methods | Study population | Study setting | Quality appraisal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2008 | Amaral et al. [82] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | Cross-sectional ecological study | Healthcare professionals, health system organization, family and community practice | Municipalities with a population between 5000 and 50,000 inhabitants | 100% (high) |
2011 | Blanco-Mancilla [84] | Mexico (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Qualitative | Medical professionals who interact with service users or patients | Hospitals and health centres | 100% (high) |
2007 | Leethongdee [83] | Thailand (upper-middle-income) | Royal Thai Government Office of Educational Affairs (Kor-Por London) Civil Service Commission Office (Kor-Por Thailand) | Qualitative | Personnel who worked in the public healthcare system overseen by the ministry of health | Public health | 100% (high) |
2018 | Zakumumpa et al. [85] | Uganda (low-income) | Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA) Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom) Department for International Development (DFID) Carnegie Corporation of New York Ford Foundation MacArthur Foundation | Mixed-methods sequential explanatory | Heads of the ART clinic, head nurses, HR managers, clinicians, finance managers, strategy directors | Various health facilities in peri-urban settings or urbanized parts of rural areas | 100% (high) |
2020 | Miguel-Esponda et al. [69] | Mexico (upper-middle-income) | No financial support received | Mixed-methods convergent study design | Service users registered in the health information system (HIS) | Ten rural primary healthcare (PHC) clinics supported by CES [Compañeros En Salud] | 93% (high) |
2020 | Callaghan-Koru et al. [86] | Bangladesh (lower-middle-income) | United States Agency for International Development (USAID) | Qualitative case study | Mothers with children giving birth | In hospital setting—birthing units | 90% (high) |
2020 | Mutabazi et al. [87] | Sub-Saharan Africa (low-income) | Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) (Canada) Integrated Intervention for Diabetes Risk after Gestational Diabetes in South Africa (IINDIAGO) (South Africa) | Descriptive qualitative study | Pregnant women, women in labour/delivery and breastfeeding, frontline workers | Public health facilities | 90% (high) |
2018 | Saddi et al. [88] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Graduate Studies Coordination Board (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel [CAPES]) Brazilian Ministry of Education Federal University of Goiás (UFG) Office of the Dean of Extension and Research | Contingent mixed-methods approach | Frontline health workers; managers, nurses | Healthcare units in Goiânia; primary care setting | 86% (high) |
2015 | Xia et al. [89] | China (upper-middle-income) | Centre for Environment and Population Health (Griffth University) | Mixed methods | Pregnant women service users | Maternal and child healthcare hospitals | 86% (high) |
2014 | Armstrong et al. [90] | Tanzania (lower-middle-income) | Evidence for Action Tanzania | Qualitative | Healthcare professionals, health system coordinators, district, region and zonal health administrators | One regional referral hospital, one government district hospital and one faith-based district hospital | 80% (high) |
2011 | Ditlopo et al. [91] | South Africa (upper-middle-income) | Irish Aid | Qualitative case study design | Policy-makers, hospital managers, nurses and doctors | Predominantly district rural hospitals | 80% (high) |
2017 | Doherty et al. [92] | Uganda (low-income) | Swedish and Norwegian government agencies South African Medical Research Council | Descriptive qualitative | Implementation partners, Ministry of Health, multilateral agencies (UNICEF and WHO), district management, community- and facility-based health workers | All four regions of the country | 80% (high) |
2019 | Lovero et al. [93] | South Africa (upper-middle-income) | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Wainberg/Arbuckle Training Grant United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) | Mixed-methods exploratory design | District-level programme managers (DPMs) | Urban and rural primary care clinics throughout district | 80% (high) |
2014 | Mkoka et al. [94] | Tanzania (lower-middle-income) | Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) | Qualitative approach | District medical officer (DMO), district nursing officer (DNO), district health officer (DHO), district health secretary (DHS), and district pharmacist (DP) | A typical rural district | 80% (high) |
2016 | Moshiri et al. [95] | Iran (upper-middle-income) | School of Public Health Research Deputy of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) | Qualitative | Designers of public health facilities, provincial health managers, community health workers and two former health ministers | Rural healthcare facilities | 80% (high) |
2020 | Muthathi et al. [96] | South Africa (upper-middle-income) | South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) Department of Science and Innovation (South Africa) National Research Foundation (South Africa) Atlantic Philanthropies | Nested qualitative study | Health policy actors: national government, provincial government head office, district, subdistrict and local government | Urban and rural provinces | 80% (high) |
2017 | Schneider and Nxumalo [97] | South Africa (upper-middle-income) | Canadian International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Funded through a variety of other mechanisms that were not reported | Qualitative case study | Community health | Community care, primary care clinics | 80% (high) |
2010 | Sheikh et al. [98] | India (lower-middle-income) | Aga Khan Foundation’s International Scholarship Programme DFID TARGETS Consortium at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) University of London Central Research Fund | Qualitative case study | Public health authorities, hospital administrators, medical practitioners | Public health facilities Private health | 80% (high) |
2016 | Shelley et al. [99] | East Africa (lower-middle-income) | DFID (United Kingdom) | Qualitative approach | Healthcare workers | Rural community healthcare | 80% (high) |
2019 | Zhou et al. [67] | China (upper-middle-income) | China Medical Board China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Central South University Post-Doctoral Science Foundation | Mixed methods | Senior leaders, department directors from a town hospital, family members of patients | Liuyang Mental Health Prevention and Treatment Center (MHC) | 80% (high) |
2018 | Carneiro et al. [100] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Cross-sectional quantitative descriptive | Physicians | Isolated primary care facilities in Marajó | 75% (high) |
2014 | Costa et al. [101] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | No financial support received | Cross-sectional evaluative quantitative study | Doctors completing home visits and nurses providing individual care | Municipalities within Brazil | 75% (high) |
2018 | Sami et al. [102] | South Sudan, Africa (low-income) | Save the Children’s Saving Newborn Lives programme ELMA Relief Foundation | Mixed-methods case study | Newborns and mothers | Community/facility-based settings including PHC centre, community health programme centres, hospital and camps | 73% (high) |
2015 | Febir eta al. [103] | Ghana (lower-middle-income) | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation ACT [artemisinin-based combination treatment] Consortium | Qualitative study | Healthcare workers | District hospital, health centres and community-based health services | 70% (high) |
2017 | Pyone et al. [104] | Kenya (lower-middle-income) | DFID UKAid | Qualitative methods | 10 national-level policy-makers, 10 county health officials and 19 healthcare providers | 10 district- and county-level hospitals and other health facilities in selected counties | 70% (high) |
2020 | Rahman et al. [105] | Bangladesh (lower-middle-income) | GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) through PATH (Seattle, USA) | Qualitative descriptive | Key stakeholders, health service providers and caregivers | At both the national and district levels of Khulna and Lakshmipur, specifically in two subdistrict public healthcare facilities | 70% (high) |
2008 | Stein et al. [106] | South Africa (upper-middle-income) | IDRC (Canada) | Qualitative methods | PHC nurses | Urban and rural PHC settings | 70% (high) |
2017 | Bergerot et al. [79] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Mixed methods | Psychologists and oncology staff; patients aged 18 or older, with cancer treatment plan | Hospitals and cancer centres from different Brazilian cities | 66.66% (medium) |
2010 | Halpern et al. [77] | Guyana (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Cross-sectional | Doctors, nurses and data entry clerks from each care and treatment site | Clinics across the nation | 62.50% (medium) |
2020 | Ejeta et al. [107] | Ethiopia (low-income) | Not reported | Qualitative descriptive | Three hospitals in Ethiopia Families within | The health facility sites located in Addis Ababa, Bishoftu and Hawassa | 60% (medium) |
2016 | Smith Gueye et al. [108] | Bhutan, Mauritius, Namibia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Turkey and Turkmenistan (low-, middle- and upper-middle-income) | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Malaria Elimination Initiative of the Global Health Group (USA) | Qualitative case study review | Healthcare and programme staff | Mostly in decentralized health systems | 60% (medium) |
2020 | Ryan et al. [109] | Nigeria (lower-middle-income) | CBM Consultancy (Australian Government department) Comprehensive Community Mental Health Programme (CCMHP)’s monitoring and evaluation budget | Mixed-methods manualized case study | Project coordinator, community mental health project officer, self-help group, development project officer and six community psychiatric nurses | Urban and semi-urban mental health clinics (some rural) | 60% (medium) |
2017 | Andrade et al. [75] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Cross-sectional observational case study | Pregnant women or women with children under 2, suffering from chronic conditions and/or diabetes and hypertension | Primary and secondary healthcare | 50% (medium) |
2014 | Roman et al. [66] | Africa (lower-middle-income) | USAID | Qualitative observational case study | Pregnant women in Africa | Health system area | 50% (medium) |
2016 | Investigators of WHO Low Birth Weight (LBW) Feeding Study Group [110] | India (lower-middle-income) | WHO (Geneva) | Mixed-methods before-and-after study | Healthcare practitioners and parents of LBW babies | First-referral-level health facilities | 33% (low) |
2016 | Lavôr et al. [111] | Brazil (upper-middle-income) | Not reported | Mixed-methods multiple-case study | Nurses | Basic health units and four outpatient clinics, called specialty polyclinics | 27% (low) |
2005 | Bryce et al. [58] | Bangladesh, Brazil, Peru, Tanzania, Uganda (lower-middle-income) | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation USAID | Mixed methods | Health facilities with or without integrated management of childhood illness | Health facilities | 20% (low) |
2018 | Kihembo et al. [57] | Uganda (lower-middle-income) | DFID WHO-AFRO Continuum of Care for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Adolescent and Child Health (RMANCH) USAID UNICEF Global Polio Eradication Initiative United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) WHO (Uganda) | Qualitative descriptive study | Health workforce | District- and regional-level referral hospitals | 20% (low) |
2015 | Li et al. [112] | China (upper-middle-income) | Law Department of National Health and Family Planning Committee Jinan Science & Technology Planning Project | Mixed-methods field observation | Personnel of the health department of Shandong Province and health departments, directors, medical personnel of township hospitals | Six township hospitals and three village clinics | 6.60% (low) |
2015 | Wingfield et al. [113] | Peru (upper-middle-income) | Wellcome Trust Innovation for Health and Development (FHAD) and the Joint Global Health Trials Consortium of the Wellcome Trust United Kingdom Medical Research Council DFID Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation British Infection Association Imperial College Centre for Global Health Research | Mixed methods | Project team, project participants, civil society and stakeholders | Two suburbs of Peru’s capital, Lima | 6.60% (low) |
2018 | Kavle et al. [114] | Kenya (lower-middle-income) | USAID | Qualitative | Mothers | Community care health facilities | 0% (low) |