Participants (N = 1204) | Blood pressure | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal (n = 567) | Hypertension (n = 637) | ||||
n | % | n | % | ||
Age (years) | |||||
 60–64 | 182 | 32 | 205 | 32 | 0.35 |
 65–69 | 154 | 27 | 190 | 30 |  |
 70–74 | 125 | 22 | 140 | 22 |  |
 75–79 | 62 | 11 | 52 | 8 |  |
 80–84 | 37 | 7 | 35 | 6 |  |
 85–89 | 7 | 1 | 13 | 2 |  |
 90–94 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.3 |  |
Gender | |||||
 Male | 339 | 60 | 352 | 55 | 0.11 |
 Female | 228 | 40 | 285 | 45 |  |
Race | |||||
 Malaysian | 439 | 77 | 563 | 88 | < 0.01* |
 Chinese | 67 | 12 | 23 | 4 |  |
 Indian | 58 | 10 | 50 | 8 |  |
 Other | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.2 |  |
Marital status | |||||
 Married | 390 | 69 | 412 | 65 | 0.13 |
 Other | 177 | 31 | 225 | 35 |  |
Body mass index | |||||
 Underweight | 22 | 4 | 17 | 3 | 0.07 |
 Normal | 202 | 36 | 193 | 30 |  |
 Overweight | 231 | 41 | 270 | 42 |  |
 Class I obesity | 74 | 13 | 117 | 18 |  |
 Class II obesity | 31 | 6 | 30 | 5 |  |
 Class III obesity | 7 | 1 | 10 | 2 |  |
Locality | |||||
 Rural | 265 | 47 | 337 | 53 | 0.03* |
 Urban | 302 | 53 | 300 | 47 |  |
Smoking | |||||
 Yes | 101 | 18 | 114 | 18 | 0.97 |
 No | 466 | 82 | 523 | 82 |  |
Alcohol intake | |||||
 Yes | 31 | 6 | 11 | 2 | < 0.01* |
 No | 536 | 95 | 626 | 98 |  |
Medical history | |||||
 Stroke | |||||
  Yes | 25 | 4 | 23 | 4 | 0.48 |
  No | 542 | 96 | 614 | 96 |  |
 Cardiovascular disease |  |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 74 | 13 | 65 | 10 | 0.12 |
  No | 493 | 87 | 572 | 90 |  |
 Diabetes mellitus | |||||
  Yes | 224 | 40 | 210 | 33 | 0.02* |
  No | 343 | 61 | 427 | 67 |  |
 Dyslipidaemia | |||||
  Yes | 300 | 53 | 270 | 42 | < 0.01* |
  No | 267 | 47 | 367 | 58 |  |
 Activities of daily living | |||||
  Independent | 34 | 6 | 59 | 9 | 0.03* |
  Dependent | 533 | 94 | 578 | 91 |  |