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Table 1 Overview of the evaluation’s analytic variables and information management

From: A framework for seroepidemiologic investigations in future pandemics: insights from an evaluation of WHO’s Unity Studies initiative

Content areas and variables

Purpose

No. of areas or variables

Description of areas or variables (categories)

Evaluation objectives

To provide an overall framework for the evaluation

3

A. Usefulness of findings for informing COVID-19 policies and communications

B. WHO management, technical support areas

C. Capacity built from being part of the initiative

Survey and interview groups

To seek a variety of insights using different methods

4

A. Online survey—PIs

B. Interview group—PIs

C. Interview group—WHO staff

D. Interview group—external partners

A priori thematic areas

To use to code and manage interview data

12

See Fig. 1

Stratification variables

To use for analysis of survey data and PI interviews

4

A. WHO region (six WHO ROsa)

B. Income level (LMIC or HICb)

C. Study type (SEROPREV, FFX/HHT or multiplec)

D. Receipt of WHO support (yes/no)

Categories of usefulness of study findingsd

To quantify insights on usefulness provided from the survey and interviews

3

A. Informing PHSM policies

B. Informing vaccination policies

C. Knowledge generation and communication

Categories of support areas and managementd

To describe and quantify insights on support areas

4

A. Technical assistance

B. Laboratory support, serologic assays

C. Funding

D. Management (coordination, human resources, administrative processes, data-sharing)

  1. aRO for Africa (AFRO); RO for the Americas (AMRO); RO for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO); RO for Europe (EURO); RO for South-East Asia (SEARO); RO for the Western Pacific (WPRO)
  2. bHIC, high-income country
  3. cMultiple represents when a PI has led a combination of studies including either FFX or SEROPREV or both
  4. dThe survey variables used a 5-point Likert scale; interview responses were coded as “positive”, “mixed” or “negative”