Table 3 Intervention studies (Change in costs due to moving from incorrect to correct management)
From: Do clinical guidelines reduce clinician dependent costs?
Reference/Design | Country/setting | Inclusion criteria/intervention | Degree of financial saving | LOE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Adam et-al. (2005); Comparative study[11] | Tanzania | Districts with Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) against those without | Cost per child in IMCI district was 44% lower than in district without IMCI. Although drug costs were higher by 61% in IMCI districts | 2b |
Hogg et-al. (2005); Randomized control trial[24] | Ontario Canada | Multifaceted intervention to improve preventive care delivered by nurses | Savings from a reduction in inappropriate testing were 35% of total health system costs | 1b |
Ripouteau et-al. (2000); A controlled prospective before and after study[17] | France | Multifaceted intervention to promote early switch from acetaminophen for prospective pain intravenous to oral | Mean cost per patient for analgesia decreased from £14 to £6 after the intervention to a 57% decrease | 2a |
Boyter et-al. (1995); Before and after study[19] | Britain | New antibiotic protocols, involving Amoxicillin as a first line agent | Mean consumable cost per patient reduced significantly from £14-09 to £10.20 this translates to a 28% reduction | 1b |
Palmer et-al. (2000); Cluster randomized Control trial[25] | Canada | Use of a critical pathway designed to manage community-acquired pneumonia more efficiently than conventional therapy | The pathway produced cost savings of 16%, 24% and 24% for the three perspectives respectively | 1b |