Print media coverage of primary healthcare and related research evidence in South Africa

Akintola, Olagoke; Lavis, John N; Hoskins, Ryan

doi:10.1186/s12961-015-0051-6

Health Research Policy and Systems

Table 6 Association between newspaper characteristics and coverage of health-system arrangements (using a χ ² test of independence) ^a

From: Print media coverage of primary healthcare and related research evidence in South Africa

Variable	Governance arrangements				Financial arrangements		Delivery arrangements
	De/centralization of policy authority	Accountability of the state sector’s role in financing and delivery	Training & licensure requirements	Strike/job action	Donor contributions	Funding organizations	Availability of care	Timely access to care	Package of care	Needs, demands & supplies	Recruitment, retention & transitions	Provider satisfaction
Coverage
National	6.1^b	51.5	18.23	18.2	----	----	36.4	21.2	15.2	15.2	6.1	18.2
Provincial	24.3	65.7	20.0	10.7	----	----	28.0	17.9	8.0	13.6	9.3	23.6
Province covered
National	6.1^d	51.5	18.2	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Eastern Cape	41.9	69.8	11.6	4.7	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Gauteng	8.6	51.4	11.4	4.3	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
KwaZulu-Natal	23.8	66.7	23.8	4.8	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Western Cape	19.5	73.2	34.1	17.1	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
News type					----	----
General news	----	63.9^d	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Health news	----	76.6	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Not specified	----	70.0	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Labour & economy	----	64.3	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Social issues & human interest	----	22.2	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
Opinion/editorial, politics & education	----	58.3	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----	----
News length
1–250	16.3	51.2	14.0	11.6	----	----	39.5^b	----	----	----	----	----
251–500	21.6	67.6	20.3	10.8	----	----	28.4	----	----	----	----	----
501–1000	22.9	64.6	20.8	16.7	----	----	39.6	----	----	----	----	----
1001–2000	25.0	75.0	37.5	0.0	----	----	75.0	----	----	----	----	----
News focus
Primary healthcare	32.7^d	68.4^c	16.3^d	6.1^c	7.1^d	39.8^b	33.7^c	24.5^b	15.3^b	20.4^c	13.3^b	16.3^c
Community-based care	13.8	72.4	41.4	24.1	3.4	48.3	31.0	17.2	3.4	13.8	6.9	41.4
Home-based care	0.0	45.7	13.0	17.4	32.6	21.7	10.9	6.5	2.2	0.0	0.0	23.9

^aχ² results are shown for each variable for which a sufficiently large sample was available to test the association (i.e. that will yield a cell size ≥5) and only for those health-system arrangement variables where at least one association is statistically significant.
^bp < 0.05.
^cp < 0.01.
^dp< 0.001.

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