Box 1 Survey questions

Q1. I am conscious that, because I am paid with public/charitable funds, I need to deliver meaningful outcomes from my research.

Q2. I should be accountable for the specified outputs of my research project/program but not for engaging with stakeholders or the end-users of the research.

Q3. Research impact should only be based on measurable academic outputs, e.g. reports, publications, h index, citations, conference presentations, etc. (subject to their limitations).

Q4. Measures of research impact should include the broader downstream influences on patients, improved health and well-being, healthcare delivery and improving society (subject to their limitations).

Q5. For your type of research, what is/are the most appropriate measure(s) of research impact? (open-ended)

Q6. I would like to have input into what is perceived as the impact of my research project or program and I accept that it is a necessary part of my role as a researcher.

Q7. I spend far too much of my time collating evidence on the impact of my research at the expense of core research or teaching.

Q8. I accept that it is part of my job as a grant reviewer to judge the potential significance of potential impact of a research proposal to assist the decision making process.

Q9. I feel a lot of pressure to produce research outputs to the point that it is hampering my scientific freedom.

Q10. Evaluating the outcomes of my research undermines my authority and autonomy at undertaking good science.

Q11. The type of health or medical research that best describes my work is: biology, aetiology, prevention, treatment, cancer control/survivorship/outcomes, scientific model systems.

Q12. I am at the following level of my career: PhD student, post-doctoral researcher for less than 5 years, post-doctoral researcher for more than 5 years, associate professor, professor.

Q13. Additional comments (open-ended).

Responses to all questions except open-ended Questions 5 and 13 used a Likert scale; ‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘neither agree or disagree’, ‘disagree’, and ‘strongly disagree’