Table 2 Ninety-four statements of what professionals’ involvement in research on ageing and health can lead to, within five clusters

Cluster 1: Complex collaboration throughout the research process

0.25

2.30

2.09

1

Ethical challenges

0.32

2.52

2.50

3

Special considerations to be taken regarding confidentiality

0.12

2.68

2.08

4

Research projects taking a long time

0.02*

2.48

2.13

5

A demand for greater engagement from the researcher

0.49

3.04

2.61

6

Decision-making processes in research affected

0.22

2.69

2.17

7

Employees question the professionals’ priorities of work tasks

1

1.88

2.09

8

More complex and demanding role of the researcher

0.58

2.92

2.10

9

Unclear roles for the researchers

0.16

1.71

1.75

10

Uncritical approaches from the researchers

0.15

1.80

1.52

12

Dilemma for the researchers if they need to make demands on the professionals

0.2

2.28

1.75

14

Demands on the researcher to make the research understandable and accessible

0.81

3.64*

3.58*

16

That researchers must protect their integrity

0.43

2.08

1.87

17

Frustration for the researcher in safeguarding time and quality

0.05

2.12

1.63

20

Situations where researchers need to mediate and negotiate

0.04

2.31

2.00

21

Difficulties for the researcher in deciding how much the professional should be involved in interpreting results

0.02*

2.00

1.91

23

Heavy demands on professionals’ engagement

0.43

2.56

2.83

32

Professionals focusing too much on their own work environment

0.15

1.84

1.92

33

Professionals feeling questioned

0.13

1.85

1.88

52

Research that demands more resources

0.08

2.67

2.09

53

In grant applications, challenges in describing how professionals should be involved

0.2

2.52

2.17

57

Diminishing research freedom

0.04

1.72

1.50

58

An unpredictable research process

0.07

2.52

2.25

68

Difficulties in establishing a research group with the right skills due to unpredictable processes

0.09

2.08

1.78

70

Difficulties in arranging meetings and continuity between participants (professionals)

0.07

2.36

2.26

74

Conflicts between professionals and researchers

0.12

1.96

2.00

79

Unclear roles for professionals

0.32

1.77

1.87

87

Crisis of confidence where one part feels like a “hostage”

0.12

1.63

1.57

88

Increased demand for clarifying roles and frameworks for the project

0.52

2.92

2.61

Cluster 2: Adaptation of research to different stakeholders

0.3

2.06

2.01

11

Time-consuming collaboration to create equal relationships

0.29

2.40

2.25

13

Increased demands for creativity and flexibility from the researcher

0.4

3.20*

2.91

34

Ownership for professionals

0.37

2.40

3.17*

42

Less generalizable knowledge

0.47

1.68

1.63

55

The research community questioning the quality of the research

0.22

2.42

2.00

59

Populist research

0.41

1.60

1.68

64

Compromising the scientific quality

0.3

1.56

1.38

69

Risk of commissioned research expected to be driven in a given direction

0.08

2.08

2.17

71

Poor research

0.2

1.60

1.42

76

Power balance between researchers and professionals

0.54

2.44

2.50

77

Non-democratic processes between researchers and professionals

0.32

1.65

1.54

83

Conflicts of interest between researchers and professionals

0.25

1.96

1.79

84

Distortion of research results caused by the professionals’ own interests

0.07*

1.84

1.70

Cluster 3: Mutual learning through partnership

0.41

3.20

3.24

22

Researchers gaining greater understanding of professionals’ perspectives

0.47

3.44

3.33

25

Researchers and professionals identify with each other

0.75

2.36

2.38

30

Professionals and researchers inspiring each other

0.41

3.64*

3.42

31

Heavy demands on communication between researchers and professionals

0.74

3.44

3.26

39

Facilitation of communication

0.29

3.00

3.13

40

Increased collaboration in new projects

0.38

3.04

2.71

56

Increased transparency

0.31

3.20

3.17

65

Good relations between academia and practice

0.23

3.16

3.22

66

Collaboration where researchers and professionals work towards common goals

0.53

3.24

3.54

75

Mutual learning

0.2*

3.24

3.63*

78

Increased understanding and knowledge of each other’s area of expertise

0.27

3.32

3.29

80

Respect for each other’s knowledge

0.48

3.12

3.38

81

Researchers and professionals feel mutual responsibility

0.43

3.16

3.33

82

A partnership in developing health care

0.26

3.48

3.57

Cluster 4: Applicable and sustainable knowledge

0.13

3.18

3.22

19

Real change in society

0.02

2.92

2.78

24

Increased legitimacy of research results among professionals involved

0.08

3.36

3.48

26

Professionals mediating research results

0.09

2.88

3.43

28

Professionals enabling research

0.22

3.25

3.21

35

Professionals gaining increased understanding of research

0.26

3.04

3.38

37

Practical development of the organization

0.05

2.92

3.46

38

Development of new methods for involving professionals

0.13

3.28

2.96

41

Efficient use of resources

0.11

2.64

2.75

43

A holistic perspective

0.14

3.32

3.33

44

Critical views emerge

0.22

3.32

2.88

45

Contextually adapted relevant research

0.1

3.62*

3.48

46

The identification of future needs

0.1

3.32

3.35

47

Increased sustainability of results and working methods

0*

3.12

3.43

48

More complex knowledge acquired through dialogue

0.19

3.48

3.29

50

Increased access to data

0.09

3.21

2.91

51

Increased scientific quality in the research

0.16

3.32

3.04

60

Changed attitudes to and understanding of research

0.06

3.13

3.35

61

Narrowing the gap between research and practice

0.13

3.36

3.46

62

Impact on guidelines and procedures in practice

0.12

2.71

3.04

63

Increased collaboration between authorities

0.22

2.88

3.08

67

Facilitated implementation of research results

0.07

3.31

3.50

72

Increased knowledge of different organizations’ conditions

0.15

3.16

2.88

85

Reliable results

0.19

3.28

3.42

86

Facilitation of knowledge dissemination

0*

3.36

3.57*

89

New networks for researchers and professionals

0.23

3.24

3.00

Cluster 5: Legitimate research on ageing and health

0.57

2.94

3.03

2

Ethically justifiable research

0.76

3.28

3.13

15

Researchers perceiving research conducted as more meaningful

0.8

3.50*

2.74

18

Researcher acquiring more competencies

0.76

3.29

2.58

27

Professionals are heard and seen as experts

0.62

3.08

3.33

29

Professionals grow in their roles

0.47

2.80

3.50*

36

A more attractive workplace for professionals

0.66

2.44

3.17

49

Important research questions that the researcher was unaware of

0.61

3.36

3.04

54

Granting of applications for grants

0.94

3.00

2.38

73

Organizational conditions are changing

0.5

2.30

2.70

90

An impact on age discrimination

0.96

2.04

2.57

91

Increased knowledge about older people’s needs

0.22

3.24

3.39

92

Better health care for older people

0.17*

3.04

3.45

93

Greater degree of person centredness in practice and research

0.32

2.76

3.21

94

Increased understanding of ageing

0.26

2.96

3.26