Table 3 Bibliography of academic articles addressing HRCB of frontline health professionals across FCASs
| Reference | Corresponding author; collaboration direction | Study design | Topic | Objective of HRCB intervention | Type of intervention | Target population (sample size) | Challenges and limitations | Strengths | Recommendations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | |||||||||
| Mbuagbaw, 2013 [54] |
North; South | Mixed methods | RM | To build clinical trials skills in Cameroon | Workshop | Academics; HMSS (not specified) | Language barriers | Context-specific design, practical exercises, interactive learning | Contextually relevant material, practical pedagogy |
| Olaleye, 2014 [39] |
South; North-South | Process report | RM | To enhance institutional research culture as well as increase the knowledge and skills of resident doctors, graduate students, and faculty | Workshop | HSPs; academics (not specified) | Human resources, attitude | Local implementation | N/A |
| Dagenais, 2015 [55] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | RM; HPSR | To implement a knowledge-brokering (KB) project to encourage research use in a West African context | Training programme | HSPs; academics (28) | Local research context, sustainability, human resources, language barriers | Local implementation, practical exercises, interactive learning | Evaluation approach, preparation via needs assessment, contextually relevant material |
| Owiredu, 2017 [40] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | RM | To improve access, quality, and uptake of PMTCT services, by enhancing service delivery in health facilities through support of implementation research projects | Workshops; group training; staff mentorship | HSPs; HMSS; academics (3400) | Local research context, funding, attitude | Local collaborations, local implementation, comprehensive research training | Evaluation approach, equity in partnership involvement |
| Mc Kenzie Andre, 2017 [52] |
North; North-South | Process report | Epi | To strengthen the capacity of countries to more rapidly detect, respond to, and contain public health emergencies at their source. | Workshops | HMSS (1354) | Sustainability, human resources, funding | Local implementation, multidisciplinary population | Training of trainers, mentorship |
| Aagaard, 2018 [49] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | HE | To enhance the educational capacity of UZCHS by developing skills in curriculum development, programme evaluation, and educational leadership for faculty | Workshop; mentorship | Academics (41) | Human resources, funding, duration, technology | Practical exercises, interactive learning, mentorship component, sustainability approach | Funding, duration |
| Ibrahim, 2019 [41] |
North; North-South | Process report | RM | To advance the scholarship of nursing practice and improve patient care outcomes. | Grant scholarship with research mentorship | HSPs (1) | Partnerships, human resources, funding, duration, language barriers | Based on needs-assessment, cost effectiveness | Communication, contextually relevant material, mentorship |
| Zhou, 2019 [50] |
South; South-North | Process report | RM; CD | To prepare junior academics for local and global research / to build individual and institutional research capacity in Zimbabwe | Fellowship | Academics (5) | N/A | Interactive learning | Funding, communication, resources, equity in partnership involvement, multidisciplinary systems approach, mentorship |
| Gureje, 2019 [42] |
South; South | Mixed methods | MH; RM; CD; | To create an infrastructure to develop mental health research capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa and to advance global MH science by conducting innovative public health-relevant research in the region. | Fellowship; Workshops; with mentorship | Academics (35) | Partnerships, sustainability | Based on needs-assessment | Multidisciplinary systems approach, contextually relevant material, practical pedagogy |
| Mayor, 2019 [53] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | RM; CD | To build and strengthen health research capacities at the St. Joseph’s Catholic Hospital in Monrovia. | Workshops; e-learning mentorship programme | HSPs; HMSS; academics; community members (21) | Partnerships, funding, duration, technical resources, technology, attitude, learning barriers/AD, evaluation approach, evaluation tools, participant engagement | Local collaborations, practical exercises, multidisciplinary population, sustainability approach | Funding, evaluation approach, equity in partnership involvement |
| Evans-Lacko, 2019 [43] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | MH; RM | To develop evidence and capacity for mental health system strengthening in Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda. | Short courses | HSPs; academics; HMSS (293) | Partnerships, learning barriers/AD, evaluation tools | Context-specific design, interactive learning, multidisciplinary population | Training of trainers, evaluation approach |
| Jack, 2020 [51] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | RM | To develop and train trainers from three African countries to conduct a systematic review workshop at their home universities as part of a broader mental health research capacity building project. | Workshop | Academics; HMSS (14) | Technical resources, technology, learning barriers/AD, evaluation approach, evaluation tools | Context-specific design, cost effectiveness | Training of trainers, resources, evaluation approach, equity in partnership involvement |
| Onwujekwe, 2020 [44] |
South; South | Qualitative | HPSR; CD | To determine the needs of producers and users of evidence in priority setting for HPSR in the control of endemic diseases; facilitate planning and implementing research and research uptake activities for the control of NTDs and malaria in their respective states | Workshop | Academics; HMSS (118) | Sustainability, funding, duration, evaluation approach, evaluation tools | Context-specific design, based on needs assessment, comprehensive research training | Equity in partnership involvement |
| Caribbean | |||||||||
| Swain, 2015 [45] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | GS | To improve resident training in academic global surgery. Secondary: To strengthen longitudinal partnerships with institutions in low-resource settings. | Residency | HSPs (3) | Partnerships, local research context, human resources, technology, attitude, evaluation approach | Local collaborations, mentorship component | Training of trainers, equity in partnership involvement |
| Minn, 2015 [46] |
North; North-South | Qualitative | RM | To introduce participants to qualitative methods, to present examples of qualitative research that had been conducted in Haiti | Workshop | HSPs (not specified) | Partnerships, duration, attitude | Context-specific design, local collaborations | Duration, equity in partnership involvement |
| Elharram, 2017 [47] |
North; North-South | Mixed Methods | RM; HE | To develop medical knowledge and skills via anatomy dissections, surgical simulations, clinical pathology shadowing, and interactive sessions in research methodology and medical education. | Workshops | Academics (24) | Duration | Practical exercises, interactive learning, mentorship component, mutually beneficial | Preparation via needs assessment |
| Kaseje, 2018 [48] |
North; North-South | Mixed Methods | GS |
To establish a paediatric surgical rotation. Secondary: To dedicate one day each week to didactic and research activities | Teaching rounds | HSPs (9) | Local research context, human resources, technical resources | Context-specific design, sustainability approach | N/A |
| Pacific Islands | |||||||||
| Redman-Maclaren, 2012 [57] |
North; North-South | Qualitative | RM; CD | To implement a research capacity-strengthening workshop addressing topics in research methodology, with teaching strategies that included planning, conducting, and reporting of pilot studies on tuberculosis (TB), HIV, and intestinal parasitic worms amongst researchers and chiefs in the Solomon Islands and researchers in Australia | Workshop | HSPs; community members (48) | Local research context, funding, technical resources, language barriers, learning barriers/AD, evaluation approach | Local collaborations, local implementation, practical exercises, comprehensive research training, multidisciplinary population, mutually beneficial, cost effectiveness | Evaluation approach, preparation via needs assessment |
| Maclaren, 2015 [56] |
North; North-South | Mixed methods | CD | To strengthen research capacity in a hospital and community in the Solomon Islands using a “learn-by-doing” process | Workshop | HSPs; community members; academics (8) | Local research context, sustainability, human resources, language barriers | Context-specific design, local collaborations, practical exercises | Evaluation approach |
| Middle East | |||||||||
| Dagher, 2016 [58] |
South; South | Quantitative | RM | To systematically and reliably provide research experience to undergraduate students interested in entering the field of medicine | Volunteer programme | Academics (104) | Human resources, attitude, participant engagement | Local collaborations, mentorship component, comprehensive research training, mutually beneficial | Training of trainers, duration |