Table 1 Summary characteristics of selected articles, n = 51
Summary characteristics of articles | |
|---|---|
Study characteristic | Number and percentage of articles n (%) N = 51 |
Type of study | |
Cross sectional | 38 (74.5) |
Case control | 1 (2.0) |
Cohort/longitudinal | 12 (23.5) |
Year of publication | |
2000–2005 | 3 (5.9) |
2006–2010 | 7 (13.7) |
2011–2015 | 15 (29.4) |
After 2016 | 26 (51.0) |
Study setting by WHO region | |
Africa | 10 (19.6) |
Europe | 0 (0) |
South-East Asia | 22 (43.1) |
Eastern Mediterranean | 6 (11.8) |
The Americas | 4 (7.8) |
Western pacific | 9 (17.6) |
World Bank classification of the country | |
Low Income Country | 5 (9.8) |
Lower-Middle Income Country | 30 (58.8) |
Upper-Middle Income Country | 16 (31.4) |
Source of data | |
Survey | 15 (29.4) |
Hospital/medical records | 27 (52.9) |
Both | 9 (17.6) |
Cascade of carea | |
Prevention | 0 (0) |
Diagnosis | 16 (31.4) |
Treatment | 31 (60.8) |
Disease management | 49 (96.1) |
Palliative care | 9 (17.6) |
Type of costs includedb | |
Direct medical costs | 48 (94.1) |
Direct nonmedical costs | 38 (74.5) |
Indirect costs | 21 (41.2) |
Perspective of the study | |
Household/patient only | 47 (92.2) |
Societal perspective | 4 (7.8) |
Diseases | |
Diabetes | 22 (43.1) |
Cancers | 17 (33.3) |
CVD | 11 (21.6) |
COPD | 1 (2.0) |
Quality score | Mean (+ / − SD) |
Cross-sectional studies (n = 38) | 6.7 (1.34) |
Case control studies (n = 1) | 8 (0) |
Cohort studies (n = 12) | 6.8 (1) |