Table 2 Stakeholder interest, positions and roles liked to local manufacture of COVID-19 vaccines
Stakeholder | Interest | Position | Strategies deployed | Level of influence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
President of the Republic of Ghana | • Promote vaccine security • Make vaccines accessible to all • Reduce dependence on foreign vaccines • Reduce cost of vaccine procurement • Spur growth in the pharmaceutical sector • Increase employment in the pharmaceutical sector | Strongly supported the drive for locally produced vaccines | • Press briefings • Bilateral and multilateral agreements • Lobbied global leaders | Very high |
Minister of Health | • Promote vaccine security • Ensure vaccines are available, accessible and affordable • Increase vaccine acceptance • Empower local pharmaceutical producers | Strongly supported the drive for local vaccines | • Press briefings • Engaged with pharmaceutical companies • Aided in the transfer of technology and waiver of patent • Chaired COVID-19-related committees | Very high |
Opposition political parties | • Promote vaccine accessibility among constituents • Save lives of their constituents | • Supported the drive for local vaccines • Opposed reliance on foreign vaccines • Resisted extra taxes for vaccines | • Press statements • Parliamentary and media debates | High |
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of Ghana | • Expand economy of scale • Increase revenue • Increase market share • Export vaccines to African countries | • Strongly supported the drive for local vaccines • Formed a consortium seeking government support | • Media engagements • Lobbied government to implement policy for local production of vaccines | Very high |
European Union | • Export technology and skill • Ensure vaccine justice | Supports the drive for local vaccines | Bilateral agreements | High |