Table 2 Regression discontinuity regression results

Panel A: total outpatient visit

 Copayment abolition

0.471***

0.404***

0.247***

0.383***

0.322

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.010)

(0.020)

(0.258)

[60.16%]

[49.78%]

[28.12%]

[46.67%]

[37.99%]

R²

0.955

0.975

0.973

0.964

Panel B: total healthcare cost

 Copayment abolition

0.215***

0.031

−0.103***

0.021

−0.045

(0.013)

(0.018)

(0.016)

(0.021)

(0.266)

[23.99%]

[3.15%]

[−9.79%]

[2.12%]

[−4.40%]

R²

0.892

0.770

0.650

0.964

Panel C: healthcare cost per-visit

 Copayment abolition

−0.255***

−0.373***

−0.350***

−0.363***

−0.264***

(0.015)

(0.012)

(0.013)

(0.008)

(0.018)

[−22.51%]

[−31.13%]

[−29.53%]

[−30.44%]

[−23.20%]

R²

0.653

0.984

0.984

0.964

Panel C-1: healthcare cost per visit (NHI-sharing)

 Copayment abolition

−0.233***

−0.364***

−0.357***

−0.352***

−0.273***

(0.015)

(0.013)

(0.015)

(0.009)

(0.018)

[−20.78%]

[−30.51%]

[−30.02%]

[−29.67%]

[−23.89%]

R²

0.567

0.982

0.981

0.964

Panel C-2: healthcare cost per visit (patient-sharing)

 Copayment abolition

−0.306***

−0.392***

−0.332***

−0.386***

−0.246***

(0.014)

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.010)

(0.021)

[−26.36%]

[−32.43%]

[−28.25%]

[−32.02%]

[−21.81%]

R²

0.808

0.986

0.985

0.964

Observations

2688

192

96

2688

2688