Unintended consequences of healthcare reform in South Korea: evidence from a regression discontinuity in time design

Table 3 Local linear RD regression results

	1	2	3
	Total	Single	Multiple
Panel A: total outpatient visit
Copayment abolition	0.633	0.744**	−0.816**
	(0.479)	(0.309)	(0.253)
	[88.30%]	[110.47%]	[−55.77%]
RD type	Fuzzy	Fuzzy	Fuzzy
Panel B: total healthcare costs
Copayment abolition	−0.045	0.475*	−0.625**
	(0.266)	(0.261)	(0.289)
	[−4.40%]	[60.80%]	[−46.47%]
RD type	Sharp	Sharp	Sharp
Panel C: healthcare costs per visit
Copayment abolition	−0.264***	−0.099***	0.364***
	(0.018)	(0.011)	(0.035)
	[−23.20%]	[−9.43%]	[43.91%]
RD type	Sharp	Sharp	Sharp
Observations	2688	2688	2688

Column 1 includes all outpatient visits. Columns 2 and 3 only include one-time visits and multiple visits, respectively. Covariate variables are included in the regression. A cluster–adjusted standard error is used to account for the within-cluster correlation. We use a polynomial of order one and a triangular kernel function. A data-driven mean squared error optimal bandwidth selection is applied. *** Significant at the 1% level, ** Significant at the 5% level, * Significant at the 10% level.

ISSN: 1478-4505