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Table 3 Indicators used to analyse lobbying activity

From: Aiding empirical research on the commercial determinants of health: a scoping review of datasets and methods about lobbying

Indicator

Description

Registration

Count of registered lobby firms or lobbyists (often used to measure the density of lobbying populations or as a proxy for activity)

Expenditure

Amount of money spent on lobbying (e.g., firm or client expenditure, distinct from political contributions)

Meetings

Face-to-face meetings with public servants (e.g., elected officials, staff, bureaucrats); requests for meetings; reports of government branch(es), agency(s) or department(s) contacted; informal meetings

Comments

Text of written letters, submissions, comments, responses to consultations, etc

Bills

Number of bills lobbied; number of groups that lobby a bill

Committees

Participation in committee hearings/consultations; committee membership; Congressional testimony