Table 1 Characteristics of included studies (N = 141)
| Â | N | % |
|---|---|---|
Type of study design | ||
   Descriptive case studies | 65 | 46.0 |
   Observational studies (e.g. qualitative, surveys, Delphi techniques) | 42 | 29.8 |
   Literature/narrative reviews | 9 | 5.6 |
   Opinion pieces/editorials/commentaries | 7 | 5.0 |
   Technical reports | 6 | 4.3 |
   Systematic reviews | 4 | 2.8 |
   Quasi-experimental Studies | 2 | 1.4 |
   Policy briefs | 2 | 1.4 |
   Modelling studies | 2 | 1.4 |
   Book | 1 | 0.7 |
   Methodology paper | 1 | 0.7 |
Classification of the country of the institution to which the first author is affiliateda | Â | Â |
European high-income countries | 135 | 95.7 |
   The United Kingdom | 37 | 26.2 |
   The Netherlands | 18 | 12.8 |
   Italy | 12 | 8.5 |
   Germany | 12 | 8.5 |
   Denmark | 10 | 7.1 |
   Belgium | 10 | 7.1 |
   Sweden | 6 | 4.3 |
   Hungary | 4 | 2.8 |
   Norway | 4 | 2.8 |
 Other European high-income countries | 22 | 15.6 |
 European upper middle-income countries | 1 | 0.7 |
   Bulgaria | 1 | 0.7 |
European lower middle-income countries | 0 | 0.0 |
 European low-income countries | 0 | 0.0 |
 Non-European countriesb | 5 | 3.5 |
KM phase and typec | Â | Â |
 Knowledge generation | 11 | 7.8 |
   Indicators | 8 | 5.7 |
   Surveys | 3 | 2.1 |
  Knowledge storage | 48 | 34.0 |
   Registries | 21 | 14.9 |
   Surveillance tools, observatories, and data platforms | 23 | 16.3 |
   Health information systems | 4 | 2.8 |
 Knowledge processing | 24 | 17.0 |
   Evidence synthesis | 19 | 13.5 |
   Health reports and toolkits | 5 | 3.5 |
 Knowledge transfer and utilization | 59 | 41.8 |
   Evidence networks and collaborations | 32 | 22.7 |
   Policy dialogues and stakeholders’ engagement | 17 | 12.1 |
   Community engagement | 5 | 3.5 |
   Decision support tools | 5 | 3.5 |
Country subject of interventiona | ||
 Regional level (i.e. WHO European Region) | 68 | 48.2 |
 European high-income countries | 70 | 49.6 |
 European upper middle-income countries | 2 | 1.4 |
 European lower middle-income countries | 1 | 0.7 |
 European low-income countries | 0 | 0.0 |
Reporting of funding | ||
  Reported as funded | 77 | 54.6 |
  Reported as not funded | 12 | 8.5 |
  Not reported | 52 | 36.9 |
Reporting of conflict of interest | ||
  Reported as no conflict of interest | 73 | 51.8 |
  Reported as conflict of interest | 17 | 12.1 |
  Not reported | 51 | 36.2 |