Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria

✔ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of any age with a chronic disease, their family or community members, PHC providers (doctors, nurses, administrators, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Practitioners and workers), and decision-makers working in Indigenous health in Australia

✔ Studies focus on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of chronic disease (CVD (including ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and atrial fibrillation), type II diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease) and risk factors

✔ Initiatives implemented in primary health care settings in Australia (including, outreach services)

✔ Qualitative studies, program evaluations, implementation research including RCTs, and quasi-experimental studies will be included

✔ Qualitative inquiry, field reflection notes, and descriptive surveys focusing on chronic disease care at the PHC level will be included

Exclusion

✔ Studies that are focused on mental illnesses and chronic infectious/post-infectious conditions (HIV, RHD, chronic otitis media)

✔ Guideline and policy documents

✔ Editorials, commentaries, and systematic reviews

✔ Studies focused on Indigenous communities outside Australia

✔ Studies conducted outside PHC setting (i.e., occupational screening programs)

✔ Quantitative studies investigated the effectiveness of CD interventions by measuring health outcomes rather than factors enabling or inhibiting their implementation

✔ No segregated data for Indigenous Australians in an Australian or multicounty research that included both Indigenous and non-indigenous data but did not have specific indigenous data analysis

✔ Prevalence studies that do not report factors enabling or inhibiting their implementation will be excluded