Table 2 Data extracted

Implementation and/or evaluation framework

Implementation framework that does not include evaluation elements.

Implementation framework that includes evaluation elements.

Evaluation framework that is exclusively considering evaluation elements.

Evaluation framework considering implementation elements.

Scope

Process model, as defined in eligibility criteria.

Determinant frameworks, as defined in eligibility criteria.

Evaluation framework, as defined in eligibility criteria.

Framework type

Descriptive, i.e. describing properties, characteristics and/or qualities [59].

Prescriptive, providing direction on the sustainability process via a series of steps or procedures [59].

Type of evaluation

Impact evaluation, defined as the extent to which an intervention has had the right effect and is working in achieving its set goals [60].

Effectiveness, the performance of intervention in a real-world context and setting [57].

Efficacy, understood as the evaluation of an intervention performing under ideal and controlled circumstances [57].

Process, intended as the consideration for why an intervention has worked, failed or had unexpected consequences. It can be used to assess fidelity and quality of implementation, explore contextual factors and clarify causal mechanisms [34].

Experience, through which this study intends the evaluation of experiencing the intervention as a stakeholder, participant or user.

Other subjects of evaluation described in the section below “the role of evaluation in implementation frameworks”.

Steps

Steps and phases included as part of each framework that are essential as part of the framework.

Constructs

Fundamental unit of thought, smaller than a judgment or theory but integral to them [24].